Answer
That inline dynamic-expression syntax isn't reliably supported as a direct constraint value in a Sync Rule's initial-query XML. Instead, add a computed/derived column, a 'user-defined' field, to the underlying view used by the sync rule that itself computes the relevant rolling date value using the equivalent SQL expression, and reference that computed column's name directly as the constraint's right-operand in the sync rule's XML, rather than trying to embed the dynamic expression inline in the rule itself.