Answer
A custom field being used as a parent key connection for a custom tab needs to be a plain persistent field (e.g. Text type) rather than a Reference-type field — a Reference-type custom field can't serve as a parent key connection, likely because it would create a circular resolution between the reference's own lookup and the tab's key linkage. Recreate the field as a persistent, non-reference field holding the same value, and use that for the parent key connection instead.